Under U.S. law, a whistle blower (or
whistleblower) is an employee who "tells" on an employer,
because he or she reasonably believed that the employer committed
an illegal act.
Under the Law
Under the laws of most states, whistleblowers are entitled
to emotional distress and punitive damages. Now under federal law,
specifically the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, any person who "interferes
with" the employment or livelihood of an employee for providing
any truthful information to legal authorities relating to the commission
or possible commission of any federal offense, can be imprisoned
for up to 10 years, and pay a fine up to $250,000.
What is Whistle Blower Protection?
Whistle blower protection is provided by Federal acts and related
statutes that shield employees from retaliation for reporting illegal
acts of employers. An employer can't rightfully retaliate in any
way, such as discharging, demoting, suspending or harassing the
whistle blower. If an employer retaliates anyway, whistle blower
protection might entitle the employee to file a charge with a government
agency, sue the employer, or both.
Typically, to be entitled to whistle blower protection,
an employee must report an employer's alleged illegal act to the
proper authority, such as a government or law-enforcement agency. If you have seen an illegal act, our Los Angeles whistle blowing attorney can assist you in contacting the proper authorities.
An employee might not be entitled to whistle blower
protection for reporting an illegal act only within the company.
However, the employee might be protected from retaliation by public
policy or other laws. For example, if an employee reports sexual
harassment to the company's HR department, he or she is protected
from retaliation by Title VII of the Civil Rights Act. A Los Angeles whistle blowing lawyer can explain the differences to you.
Even if it turns out that an employer didn't actually
break a law, an employee is still entitled to whistle blower protection
from retaliation, if he or she reasonably believed that the employer
committed an illegal act. However, whistle blower protection typically
does not include employer retaliation for employee complaints about
personal dislikes. To be protected from employer retaliation, an
employee typically must report an alleged violation of a Federal
law that has provisions to shield whistle blowers. (Though at the
state level, some protect whistle blowers who report alleged violations
of any laws, regulations or ordinances.) Collectively, such provisions
are called whistle blower protections or whistle blower laws.
Whistle blower laws and other laws that that have
provisions for employer retaliation protection are enforced by a number
of government agencies. A Los Angeles whistleblower attorney can explain these laws and how they can protect you. For example, the U.S. Department of Labor
(DOL) and its divisions enforce several major laws that directly protect
whistle blowers or have provisions to shield employees from retaliation,
for reporting violations of the laws, refusing to engage in any action
made unlawful by the laws, or participating in any proceedings under
the laws. The Corporate and Criminal Fraud
Accountability Act is part of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, enforced
by the Department of Labor. It protects employees of publicly-traded corporations
from retaliation for reporting alleged violations of any rule or
regulation of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or any provision
of Federal law relating to fraud against shareholders. Not only
does this landmark Act criminalize employer retaliation, it also
requires publicly-traded corporations to create procedures for internal
whistle blowing. Additionally, it requires attorneys to become internal
whistle blowers.
Federal discrimination (equal employment opportunity)
laws also have protection provisions for whistle blowers. For example,
if you observe a prohibited discrimination against employees and
you report it to the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
(EEOC), your employer is not allowed to retaliate against you. If
your employer retaliates anyway, you may file a discrimination charge
with the EEOC, to preserve your right to sue the employer.
The Whistleblower Protection Act protects whistle
blowers who work for the Federal government, and is enforced by
the U.S. Office of Special Counsel (OSC).
The Military Whistleblower Protection Act protects
whistle blowers in the U.S. military, and is enforced by the Department
of Defense Inspector General.
Federal whistle blower laws mandate only the minimums
to which all states must adhere. States are allowed to create their
own whistle blower laws, that include or expand upon the minimum
protections afforded by the Federal laws. To research your state's
whistle blower laws, start with the resources listed in State Labor
Law and Employment Law. Alternately or additionally, contact your
state's department of labor.
Before blowing the whistle, it's a good idea to seek
the advice of an attorney in your state, to ensure you are protected
by a whistle blower law or a like provision in another law.
If you have seen your employer conduct an illegal act and you are not sure how to handle the situation, contact a Los Angeles whistleblower lawyer at our law firm today to set up a consultation. As a Los Angeles whistleblower, you do have rights and you need to be protected
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